麗思的部落格

田園城市（Garden cities，或稱為花園城市、田園都市）是一種將人類社區包圍於自然或人工綠化的區域之中，平衡住宅、工業和農業區域的比例的一種都市計畫方式。

Sir Ebenezer Howard is known for his publication Garden Cities of To-morrow（1898), the description of a utopian city in which man lives harmoniously together with the rest of nature. The publication led to the founding of the Garden city movement, that realized several Garden Cities in Great Britain at the beginning of the twentieth century. The only publication he wrote in his life was titled To-Morrow: A Peaceful Path to Real Reform, which was reprinted in 1902 as Garden Cities of To-morrow.

田園城市的概念最早由英國的埃比尼澤·霍華德爵士（Ebenezer Howard）於1898年在其著作《明日的田園城市》（Garden Cities of To-morrow）中提出。此後於1899年成立了一個花園城市協會，在1903年和1920年建立了兩個試驗性質的花園城市：列曲沃斯花園城市（Letchworth Garden City）和威爾溫花園城市（Welwyn Garden City）。兩個城市雖然沒有完全體現埃比尼澤·霍華德爵士的設計思想，但是直到今天兩個城市都仍然是健康和持續發展的社區。In 1899 he founded the Garden Cities Association, now known as the Town and Country Planning Association and the oldest environmental charity in England . In 1913 Ebenezer Howard founded the ‘Garden Cities and Town Planning Association’ - today the International Federation for housing and Planning. 埃比尼澤·霍華德爵士的繼任者弗列德瑞克·歐斯朋爵士（Sir Frederic James Osborn）將這種設計延伸到區域規劃領域。花園城市的設計思想在西方產生了很大影響，此後美國，加拿大，阿根廷，德國建立了一批花園城市。二戰之後，英國的新城鎮法案拉開了大量建設花園城市的序幕。花園城市思想被英國規劃師派崔克·傑地斯（Sir Patrick Geddes）實踐到以色列城市特拉維夫（Tel Aviv）的建設，當代很多都市計畫思想都來源於花園城市思想。In 1925, Patrick Geddes drew up a master plan for Tel Aviv that was adopted by the city council led by Meir Dizengoff. The core idea was the development of a Garden City. The boundaries he worked within, the Yarkon River in the North and Ibn Gvirol Street in the East, are still regarded as Tel Aviv's real city limits although it has since grown beyond them.